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Physicochemical, microbiological and ecotoxicological characterization of urban sewage sludge destined for agricultural reuse

R.I. Zoghlami1,3*

S. Mokni-Tlili1

H. Hamdi*

M. Naceur Khelil2

N. Ben Aissa3

N. Jedidi1

 

1 Water Research and Technology Center, University of Carthage, P.O.Box 273, Soliman 8020, Tunisia,, inesrahma.zoghlami@gmail.com, helmi.hamdi@certe.rnrt.tn, mt_sonia@yahoo.fr, Naceur.Jedidi@certe.rnrt.tn

2 National Institute for Research in Rural Engineering, Water and Forestry, P.O.Box 10, Ariana 2080, Tunisia, khelil_mn@yahoo.fr

3 National Institute of Agronomy, 43 Av. Charles Nicolle, 1002 Tunis, Tunisia

 

Abstract - Sewage sludge characterization is important for an efficient use as an agricultural soil amendment. The present work reports on the outcomes of a preliminary investigation of an urban sewage sludge that has been reused by local farmers as an organic amendment. Polymorphism analysis of isolated bacteria showed the existence of two major phenotypic groups: a group P (non-mycelia bacteria) and a group G (mycelial bacteria), also showing that the 50 isolated strains were more sensitive to copper than to zinc. This sludge was very phytotoxic to lettuce seeds; the effective concentration (EC50) was very low around 0.36%. This may be caused partly by heavy metal contents which were, however, in accordance with French and Tunisian standards or by the high salinity of the sludge which could be an obstacle to its agricultural reuse. On the other hand, C/N ratio was equal to 15 indicating that the nitrogen supplied by this sludge provides good decomposition of the organic matter, which is an important indicator to improve the fertility of agricultural soils.

 

Keywords: sewage sludge, polymorphism, heavy metals, Phytotoxicity, C/N ratio

 

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L’impact des nanoparticules ZnO sur les paramètres physiologiques et biochimiques chez le blé dur (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum)

N. CHIAHI1*

M. BOULOUDENINE2

N.H. DAIRA3

N. GUERFI 3

L. BRINIS3

 

1 Laboratoire d’amélioration génétique des plantes – Faculté Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie Université BADJI Mokhtar –UBM – Annaba -Algérie.

2 Faculté de Sciences de l’ingénieur. Université Mohamed Cherif MESSAADIA–Département de physique -Souk Ahras- -Algérie.

3 Faculté des sciences de la nature et de vie- Université Mohamed Cherif Messaadia Souk Ahras- Algérie.

4 Laboratoire amélioration génétique des plantes -Faculté Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie UBM Annaba- Algérie

 

Abstract - In this study we were interested in assessing the impact of nanoparticles based on ZnO and their effects on the physiological and biochemical parameters of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. Durum). The impact of ZnO is evaluated in three wheat varieties (Boussallem, Gtadur and Ouarsenis), varieties are represented by V1, V2 and V3 through a range of physiological and biochemical parameters achieved in the laboratory. The selected varieties were exposed to increasing concentrations of ZnO nanoparticles (0.01mg / ml, 0.05mg / ml, 0.1mg / ml, 0.5mg / ml). Preliminary results show that the presence of ZnO-based NPs can have a stimulating effect inhibitor according to the concentration and the effect parameter studied; Thus exposure to low concentrations induced the reduction of levels of chlorophyll (chlo has chlo b), unlike the high concentrations caused the elevation of these levels mainly in the (chlor a). The presence of nanoparticles caused oxidative stress resulting in the accumulation of Lipoperoxydes (MDA) recorded in all studied varieties, following exposure to different concentrations. On the other hand a varietal effect has contributed greatly in the variation of the remaining parameters related to ROS (carotenoids, APX and CAT).

 

Keywords: Nanoparticles, ZnO, oxidative stress, durum, concentrations, plant species

 

Résumé - Dans cette étude nous nous sommes intéressés à l’évaluation de l’impact des nanoparticules à base de ZnO et leurs effets sur les paramètres physiologiques et biochimiques du blé dur (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum). L’impact du ZnO est évalué chez trois variétés de blé (Boussallem, Gtadur et Ouarsenis), les variétés sont représentées par V1, V2 et V3 grâce à une gamme de paramètres physiologiques et biochimiques réalisés au laboratoire. Les variétés choisies ont été exposés à des concentrations croissantes des nanoparticules de ZnO (0,01mg/ml, 0,05mg/ml, 0,1mg/ml, 0,5mg/ml). Les résultats préliminaires montrent que la présence des NPs à base de ZnO peuvent exercer un effet stimulant qu’inhibiteur selon l’effet concentration et le paramètre étudié ; Ainsi l’exposition aux faibles concentrations a induit la réduction des teneurs en chlorophylles (chlo a, chlo b), au contraire les fortes concentrations ont provoqué l’élévation de ces mêmes teneurs principalement chez la (chlo a). La présence des nanoparticules a provoqué un stress oxydant se traduisant par l’accumulation d’une Lipoperoxydes (MDA) enregistrée chez toutes les variétés étudiées, suite à l’exposition aux différentes concentrations. D’autre part un effet variétal a beaucoup contribué dans la variation des paramètres restants liés aux ROS (caroténoïdes, APx et CAT).

 

Mots clés: Nanoparticles, ZnO, oxidative stress, durum, concentrations, plant species

 

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Copyright

This article is published under license to Journal of New Sciences. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

CC BY 4.0