- Category: Volume Spécial (Journées Scientifiques de l'INAT)
- Hits: 5602
Phenolic extract and purified hydroxytyrosol recovered from olive mill wastewater prevent in vivo low-density lipoprotein oxidation and modulates lipid metabolism in rats fed a cholesterol-rich diet
I. Fki1*
H. Ghorbel1
N. Allouche2
Z. Sahnoun3
S. Sayadi1
1 Laboratoire des Bioprocédés Environnementaux, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, BP: 1177, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia.
2 Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Faculté´ des Sciences de Sfax, BP 1171, 3000 Sfax, Tunisia
3 Laboratoire de Pharmacologie, Faculté de Médecine de Sfax, Tunisia
Abstract - Atherosclerosis, the principal contributor to the pathogenesis of myocardial and cerebral infarctions, is known to be one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Hyperlipidemia and elevated plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) resulting from lipid metabolic changes are an important risk factor for the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Phenolic compounds from various sources have been reported to prevent LDL oxidation in vitro and show marked hypolipidemic activity in vivo, suggesting the effectiveness of polyphenols for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.
In this study, a phenolic-rich extract of olive mill wastewaters (OMW) was prepared under optimal conditions and hydroxytyrosol was purified from the obtained extract. Moreover, the effects of these phenolic on the susceptibility of human LDL to oxidation and on plasma lipids in rats fed a cholesterol-rich diet were studied.
First, lipoproteins were isolated by sequential ultracentrifugation from the plasma of healthy subject. After dialysis, LDL was incubated in the presence of Cu SO4. The oxidation was followed by the kinetics of appearance of the conjugated dienes and quantification of lipid peroxidation products (TBARS). For in vivo effect, Wistar rats were divided into three groups (n = 8). Group 1 was fed a standard laboratory diet (CD). Group 2 was fed a High cholesterol diet (HCD). Groups 3 and 4 received HCD with Hydroxtyrosol at 2.5 and 5 mg/kg respectively. Groups 5and 6 received HCD with OMW extract at 5 and 10 mg/kg respectively. Serum and tissues were collected for biochemical and histological studies.
Hydroxytyrosol and OMW extract significantly prolonged the lag time of LDL oxidation and reduced The TBARS formation. In vivo experiments, the cholesterol-rich diet induced hypercholesterolemia that was manifested in the elevation of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Administration of Hydroxytyrosol and OMW extract decreased the serum levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C significantly and increased the serum level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C).
From this data, it can be implied that OMW phenolics possess both antioxidant effects against LDL oxidation and hypolipidemic effects in vivo.
Keywords: olive mill wastewaters extract; hydroxytyrosol; Antioxidant; cholesterol-fed rat; LDL oxidation